← 印刷实验室← Print Labs01 · Print texture lab · 网点 / 叠印 / 瑕疵Dots / Overprint / Flaws版式实验室 →Layout Lab →GitHub 源码GitHub code

选择加网方式，搭配油墨和纸张，再加入错位、颗粒或缺墨，观察印刷质感如何变化。可以使用测试图，也可以上传自己的照片。Halftone screens, ink combinations and print flaws, broken into adjustable parameters. Pick a screen, swap inks, add some misregistration and grain, and watch the image change. You can also upload your own photo.

查看分色稿：每种油墨对应一张黑白图What you would send to a Riso shop: one black-and-white file per plate

预设样张Preset proofs

点击样张，应用对应参数Click one to load its settings into the lab above

参考资料References

算法、印刷特性和油墨色值的出处Sources for the algorithms, print behaviour and ink colours

加网与抖动Screening & dithering

  1. HalftoneWikipedia · 调幅网点、加网角度与摩尔纹Wikipedia · AM dots, screen angles and moiré
  2. Circular screenFine Print School · 用同心圆代替网点的网屏Fine Print School · a screen of concentric circles instead of dots
  3. Clipping pathWikipedia · 用闭合路径限定图像的显示区域；“裁切形状”选项的原理Wikipedia · a closed path that cuts out an image; how the outline option works
  4. Ben-Day dotsWikipedia · 固定尺寸网点与波普印刷Wikipedia · fixed-size dots and pop printing
  5. Ordered ditheringWikipedia · Bayer 矩阵（Bayer, 1973）Wikipedia · Bayer matrix (Bayer, 1973)
  6. Floyd–Steinberg ditheringWikipedia · 误差扩散（Floyd & Steinberg, 1976）Wikipedia · error diffusion (Floyd & Steinberg, 1976)
  7. Robert Ulichney, Digital HalftoningMIT Press, 1987 · AM / FM 加网的系统论述MIT Press, 1987 · a systematic treatment of AM / FM screening
  8. Adobe, PostScript Language Reference, 3rd ed.Addison-Wesley, 1999 · 用网点函数（spot function）定义网点形状Addison-Wesley, 1999 · spot functions that define dot shapes
  9. Pure CSS Halftone Effect in 3 DeclarationsAna Tudor · Frontend Masters
  10. Creating a halftone effect with CSSLean Rada

Riso 印刷特性Riso printing

  1. RisographWikipedia · 孔版印刷原理与历史Wikipedia · how stencil duplicating works, and its history
  2. Design for RisoOxford Greenprint · 约 1–2 mm 的套色偏差，浅色细节可能丢失Oxford Greenprint · 1–2 mm misregistration, light tones dropping out
  3. The Fascinating World of Risograph PrintingCreative Market · 风格特征与制版建议Creative Market · style traits and file-prep tips
  4. Print Style IllustrationsIcons8 · 数字化 riso 风格：少量配色、网点纹理与套色错位Icons8 · digital riso style: limited palette, dot textures, misregistration
  5. Dot gainWikipedia · 网点扩大及其对中间调的影响Wikipedia · ink spread and dot gain, strongest in the midtones
  6. Seal (East Asia)Wikipedia · 朱文与白文印章Wikipedia · zhuwen and baiwen seals
  7. Techniques of TransmissionUniversity of Washington · 拓片为何是黑底白字University of Washington · why rubbings read white on black
  8. FrottageWikipedia · Max Ernst 1925 年的摩擦拓印Wikipedia · Max Ernst's rubbing technique, 1925
  9. Generation lossWikipedia · 复印件的复印件为何越来越糊Wikipedia · why a copy of a copy keeps degrading
  10. CMYK color modelWikipedia · 减色法与三色叠印的分色原理Wikipedia · subtractive separation behind the three-colour split
  11. Chromatic aberrationWikipedia · RGB 通道偏移效果的光学来源Wikipedia · the optical origin of the RGB split effect

相关印刷工艺与双色调Related processes & duotone

  1. Screen printingWikipedia · 丝网印刷：分色制版、不透明油墨Wikipedia · separations and opaque inks
  2. Letterpress printingWikipedia · 凸版印刷：压痕与挤墨Wikipedia · impression and ink squeeze
  3. WoodcutWikipedia · 木刻：刀痕线条与黑白强对比Wikipedia · gouged lines and hard black-and-white contrast
  4. LinocutWikipedia · 麻胶版画Wikipedia · linoleum relief prints
  5. DuotoneWikipedia · 印刷双色调与数字渐变映射Wikipedia · printed duotones and digital gradient maps

油墨色值与质感Ink colours & texture

  1. riso-colorsnpm · Riso 油墨的屏幕近似色值npm · on-screen approximations of Riso inks
  2. Ink ColoursMoniker Press · 印厂油墨色卡Moniker Press · a print shop's ink chart
  3. CSS Noise Grain Overlay颗粒纹理的网页实现思路A web approach to grain textures

页面上的油墨色值是屏幕近似，真实印刷效果以印厂实物色卡为准。缺墨、辊痕、纸纹为程序模拟，不对应具体机型。Ink colours on this page are on-screen approximations; check a print shop's physical swatches for real results. Ink starvation, roller banding and paper texture are simulated and do not model any specific machine.